Quantcast
Channel: DEFENSE STUDIES
Viewing all 14841 articles
Browse latest View live

Lanal Lhokseumawe Dapat Tambahan Alutsista Baru

$
0
0
07 Juni 2016

Pangkalan TNI AL Lhokseumawe, Provinsi Aceh, mendapatkan dua tambahan alutsista baru yang dibawa oleh KRI Teluk Cirebon-543, berupa Swamp Boad, yang diturunkan di Pelabuhan Umum Krueng Geukuh, Aceh Utara, Sabtu (4/6). (photo : Antara, Defense Studies)

Lhokseumawe (ANTARA Aceh) - Pangkalan TNI AL Lhokseumawe, Provinsi Aceh, mendapatkan dua tambahan alutsista baru yang dibawa oleh KRI Teluk Cirebon-543 di Pelabuhan Umum Krueng Geukuh, Kabuopaten Aceh Utara, Sabtu.

Komandan Pangkalan Angkatan Laut (Danlanal) Lhokseumawe Kolonel Mar Nasruddin mengatakan, kedatangan KRI Teluk Cirebon adalah untuk mengantarkan dua unit alusista Swamp Boad alusista milik Lanal Lhokseumawe.

Dua alat pendukung pertahanan wilayah perairan tersebut adalah, Swamp Boat, di mana kendaraan tersebut dapat dioperasikan di daerah rawa-rawa yang berair dangkal serta di danau serta sungai.



"Swamp Boat ini merupakan tambahan alusista dari Kementerian Pertahanan (Kemenhan) dan Kepala Staf TNI Angkatan Laut (KSAL)," ungkap Dan Lanal.

Ia menjelaskan, Swamp Boad rencananya akan ditempatkan di Pos AL Langsa dan Seruway, Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang, karena alat tersebut dapat menjangkau medan yang berat, khususnya rawa-rawa, serta dapat membawa lima pasukan dan dikendalikan oleh seorang juru mudi, sehingga mampu menunjang mobilitas, kegiatan pengamanan wilayah perairan.

Keunggulan Swamp Boat, mampu beroperasi tanpa memerlukan dukungan mekanisme dari lingkungan, seperti air untuk pendingin, tidak memerlukan dukungan pendorong (waterjet propulsion), serta tidak membutuhkan kedalaman air untuk mengakomodir propeller.

Swamp boad dapat melaju di air yang amat dangkal dan keruh, terang Dan Lanal.

Sementara itu, Komandan KRI Teluk Cirebon, Mayor Laut (P) Yustus Nassarius Rossi yang didampingi oleh Kepala Departemen Operasi Letda Arif, mengatakan selain mengantarkan alusista Swamp Boat, juga melakukan operasi pemantaaun keamanan laut.



KRI Teluk Cerebon dilengkapi dengan  meriam laras ganda kaliber 25 mm dan 37 mm, memiliki panjang 90,78 meter, dan lebar 11,12 meter, yakni jenis Landing Ship Tank (LST).

KRI Teluk Cirebon, selain berfungsi untuk mendukung operasi amfibi, mengangkut pasukan pendarat yang akan didaratkan ke pantai, juga mampu mengangkut tujuh tank amfibi dengan ukuran 6-7 meter serta peralatan tempur lainnya.

"KRI Teluk Cirebon bukan termasuk armada tempur maupun pemukul, namun sebagai armada pendarat dan pengangkut logistik," ungkap Mayor Yustus.

Tambahnya lagi, selama berlabuh di Pelabuhan Krueng Geukuh, pihaknya juga mempersilahkan kepada masyarakat dan pelajar yang ingin melihat KRI Teluk Cerebon lebih dekat.

(Antara)

L&T Likely to Build Patrol Vessels for Vietnam

$
0
0
08 Juni 2016


OPV design by L&T (image : naval technology)

Larsen & Toubro (L&T) could soon build Offshore Patrol Vessels (OPV) for Vietnam.

The bid document was handed over by Vietnamese border guards to L&T in the presence of Defence Minister Manohar Parrikar during an industry interaction in Hanoi on Monday. Mr. Parrikar is on a two-day visit to Vietnam from June 5 after attending the Shangri-La dialogue in Singapore.

He held a meeting with his Vietnamese counterpart, General Ngo Xuan Lich where both sides agreed on greater industry-to-industry interaction.

Mr. Parrikar later attended a business roundtable meeting comprising defence industry delegates from the two countries.

Enhanced co-operation

“The meeting focussed on enhancing defence industry networking, information sharing and exploration of possibilities for partnerships and collaborations between the two countries,” according to a Defence Ministry statement. The purchase will be funded through a $100 million Line of Credit (LoC) India had extended to Vietnam for military purchases.

Vietnam has embarked on a major modernisation of its armed forces and both countries operate a wide range of Russian equipment.

A Memorandum of Understanding for the LoC was signed during President Pranab Mukherjee’s visit to Hanoi in September 2014.

During his visit, Mr. Parrikar also called on the President of Vietnam, Tran Dai Quang and Prime Minister, Nguyen Xuan Phuc.

(The Hindu)

Indonesia Importir Senjata Ke-2 Terbesar ASEAN

$
0
0
08 Juni 2016


Impor alutsista Indonesia terbanyak berasal dari Cina sebanyak 648 unit.(image : katadata)

Indonesia importir sistem persenjataan (alutsista) terbesar kedua di Asia Tenggara. Lembaga independen internasional pengkaji bidang militer, Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) pada 2015 mencatat impor alutsista Indonesia mencapai US$ 683 juta (sekitar Rp9,3 triliun). Jumlah tersebut hanya kalah dari Vietnam yang mengimpor senjata senilai US$ 870 (sekitar Rp11,8 triliun).

Pengeluaran militer Vietnam meningkat dalam kurun waktu beberapa tahun terakhir. Selain terbesar di ASEAN, Vietnam juga merupakan importir alutsista terbesar ke-8 dunia. Besarnya pengeluaran militer Negeri Paman Ho ini seiring dengan upaya peningkatan kapasitas militer untuk menghadapi ancaman Cina memperebutkan kawasan Laut Cina Selatan, wilayah yang kaya perikanan, minyak dan gas.

Pengeluaran impor senjata oleh Indonesia bertujuan untuk peremajaan sekaligus penguatan pertahanan nasional. Impor alutsista Indonesia terbanyak berasal dari Cina (648 unit), Inggris (505 unit), dan Amerika Serikat (462 unit).

Seiring dengan komitmen pemerintah memperkuat sektor maritim, belanja alutsista Angkatan Laut sebanyak 977 unit atau 39,7 persen, hampir mengimbangi Angkatan Darat sebanyak 1.118 unit atau 45,5 persen. Lima jenis alutsista paling banyak diimpor Indonesia adalah C-705, Starstreak, FGM-148 Javelin, AGM-114K HELLFIRE, dan Mistral. Dua jenis pertama merupakan jenis rudal mencapai 500 unit untuk masing-masing jenis.

Meski melakukan impor alutsista cukup besar, Presiden Joko Widodo (Jokowi) meminta impor kebutuhan pertahanan nasional dikurangi untuk mewujudkan kemandirian pertahanan dengan mengembangkan industri pertahanan dalam negeri. Bahkan pada akhir 2015 Jokowi menolak rencana pembelian helikopter AgustaWesland AW101 buatan pabrikan Inggris-Italia. 

Dengan mempertimbangkan kondisi keuangan negara, Jokowi menilai helikopter tersebut terlalu mahal dan helikopter kepresidenan saat ini masih dapat digunakan secara maksimal.

(Katadata)

ST Electronics Unveils Lightweight HALE UAV Communications Payload

$
0
0
08 Juni 2016


The Agilis HALE UAV Communication Solution shown mounted on a sub-scale representation of a HALE UAV platform. (photo : Jane's)

Singapore Technologies (ST) Electronics, the advanced electronics and communications business arm of defence prime ST Engineering, has unveiled a new lightweight radio-frequency (RF) payload for high-altitude, long-endurance (HALE) unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) at the CommunicAsia 2016 exhibition in Singapore.

Developed by ST Electronics's Satcom & Sensor Systems subsidiary, the Agilis HALE UAV Communication Solution comprises the air segment - the integrated UAV payload containing the low-noise amplifier and RF filters, the modular phased-array antenna, and the fixed-payload antenna - and the ground segment, which includes land-based terminals (such as handheld or manportable satcom devices), a satellite modem, and an outdoor unit.


The company showcased a 10 kg/100 W-class RF payload design that it is developing for an undisclosed customer. (photo : Jane's)

The company has partnered with Israeli firm SatixFy to integrate the latter's silicon-based application specific integrated circuit technology, which features a hybrid software/hardware architecture that combines software-defined radio technology with custom hardware acceleration.

"What we did here is to come up with a 'pseudo-satellite' system that can be rapidly deployed anywhere it's required, unlike conventional communications satellites, which are costly and time-consuming to launch into orbit," Rajanik Mark Jayasuriya, vice-president of the company's Satellite Networks Business Group, told IHS Jane's .

"With satellites we are typically looking at [data transmission] latencies in the order of 600 ms," he said. "[Our approach] provides a performance that is about 20 ms."



According to Jayasuriya, the communications payload is a bespoke design built to fit a customer's HALE UAV platform and operational requirements. However, the company intends to maintain certain engineering parameters, including a weight and power requirement that does not exceed 10 kg and 100 W, respectively, and a broadband capacity of at least 6 Gbyte/s with coverage of a zone that is approximately 100 km 2 around the UAV.

"The key [design considerations] are size, power, and weight, which determines the data performance and range that it offers," he said.

(Jane's)

New Zealand Confirms Plans to Acquire Third OPV with Ice-Strengthened Features

$
0
0
09 Juni 2016


New Zealand's two Otago-class vessels. The country is planning to acquire a third OPV platform. (image : casr, odt)

The New Zealand Ministry of Defence confirmed in a white paper released on 8 June that the country is planning to acquire a third offshore patrol vessel (OPV) to bolster its navy's maritime surveillance and fisheries inspections support capabilities.

The Royal New Zealand Navy (RNZN) currently relies on a fleet of two 85 m Otago-class OPVs, HMNZS Otago (P 148) and HMNZS Wellington (P 55), for these operations. The vessels were commissioned in February and May 2010 respectively.

An indication that the service was considering a third OPV was first revealed during a May 2014 talk in Singapore delivered by a senior official from the New Zealand Defence Force (NZDF), as reported by IHS Jane's .



"We learned that offshore patrol vessels cost a lot less to run [than frigates]," said Lieutenant Commander Owen Gee, who is from the NZDF capabilities branch, at the MilSatCom Asia Pacific 2014 conference. "If acquired, we plan to utilise it in a constabulary role and this releases our frigates for other operations," he added.

Besides stating that the planned third OPV will feature ice-strengthened features, no further details were given in the 2016 white paper on the platform that the government is looking into. According to IHS Jane's Fighting Ships , the RNZN's existing OPVs can reach a top speed of 22 kt and feature a standard range of 6,000 n miles at 15 kt. The 1,600-tonne ships can accommodate a core crew of 35 and a SH-2G Super Seasprite helicopter on its flight deck.

Otago and Wellington are deployed by the RNZN in long-range patrol missions around New Zealand, Pacific, and Southern Oceans.

(Jane's)

ISKRA Develops New Radar with Southeast-Asia Country

$
0
0
09 Juni 2016

80K6K1 radar on site (all photos : Defence UA)

“All-Seeying Eye” from Ukraine: Up-to-Date Radar

Ukraine is a top-ten country in the world engaging in developing and producing radar systems. In the country there are research schools maintained for the above activities, there are national manufacturers of corresponding elemental base and components, as well as manufacturers capable to propose their own, state-of-the-art solutions with a view to ensuring air space control.

The correspondent of Defense Express had an interview with the representative of the leading Ukrainian enterprise - developer and manufacturer of ground-based radar equipment, Deputy Director of Science of State Enterprise “Scientific and Production Complex “Iskra” (SE SPC “Iskra”) Mr. V. F. TRAILIN.

Mr. V. F. TRAILIN, what is the situation at Iskra today?

Preceding 2015 turned out to be extremely arduous not only in the area of batch production but first of all in the field of new projects. Correspondingly the amount of work to be done is increased repeatedly in the scientific and technical centre of the enterprise.


What are the causes of the situation?


From 2012 onwards our enterprise has been getting orders both for serial radars and for development and production of new modified versions of actual radars. Thus in 2012 we developed 80К6М radar, a high-mobile version of 80К6 radar family capable to survey in elevation sector up to 55 degrees. Followed by year after, 2013, radar 80К6К1, developed for another customer, came into service.


At the turn of 2014 one of our permanent customers made a request to have the radar with antenna system installed at the tower in order to significantly detect low-flying targets. The new version has been developed within a year and by now it has already been shipped to the Customer. Now the radar has been successfully running to the Customer’s full satisfaction.   By the way, it should be remembered that the enterprise principal activity during last two years is focused on the order batch from Ministry of Defense of Ukraine.

It turns out that nowadays a foreign customer can make peculiar demands to serial radars?

Moreover, the contract future depends on the readiness to satisfy customers’ requirements that is why we have to display compliance. It's good that the structure of our enterprise allows effectively and promptly developing and manufacturing such products.

Solid-state 80К6Т radar with digital APARis of great interest for some countries of Middle East region

And what about the projects as per МR-18 metric radar and solid-state version of Digital APAR 80К6Т radar represented last year?


We are working strictly according to the stipulated schedule. Within 2016 we are to complete manufacturing samples МR-18 and 80К6Т. All components of these radars are produced, adjusted and tested and the final assembling of the radars is carried out at present.

The development and production of new radars is the process requiring considerable expenses. The concurrent manufacturing of two different radar types demands solid argumentation. May I ask about this?


Both radar types have been designed as per analysis of requirements which are laid down by different customers, taking into account the long-term operation of our products in various climatic zones and, naturally in consideration of our own vision concerning the prospects of the branch development. We made it our aim to create the all-purpose, easy-to-use and at the same time effective radars on the basis of active phased arrays in the most perspective wavebands: metric (VHF/UHF) and centimetric (S). The core features of these radars for customers should be their reliability, capability to work at high altitudes and transportation ability by different types of transport. МR-18 is 2D high-potential omnirange radar (early warning system) able to detect the stealth targets. 80К6Т is 3D high-potential omnirange radar possessing high performance capabilities to detect and calculate coordinates of variety of targets and to operate under different interference environment. The radar belongs to type GCI according to NATO classification.



MР-18 radar. Start of tests

The market of S-radars is adequately represented, including foreign manufacturers. Is there any new equipment proposed by your enterprise?


First of all, as I noted before, we have carried out the market analysis and concentrated on weak positions of competitors – our radar can offer much more capabilities in the field of detection range and, according to our estimation it is the maximum level for such type of radar. For instance, the radar allows detecting targets RCS 2m2 at range up to 450km. At the same time the radar has been designed in such a way that allows upgrading as far as concurrent technologies will be developed. In addition, the main distinctive characteristic of our enterprise is readiness for cooperation with foreign partners in the area of manufacturing new radar versions on terms of SKD or CKD. It is a good chance for us to unload in-house facilities, the workload of which has recently been tending to 100%. For our partners it is a chance to gain access to radar design and production engineering.

Can you outline the countries being your partners in these projects?


The metric radar МR-18 is being designed for one of Southeast-Asia country. As for 80К6Т radar we have rather an interesting situation. As a consequence of its development we have possibility now to participate in the tender procedure in one of the Southeast-Asia countries, which has been lasting at present. At the same time, during the last year two major countries from Middle-East region took an interest to arrange domestic manufacturing of the mentioned radar and we have already established the contractual relationship with one of the countries.

Is it possible to use these radars as the part of Armed Forces of Ukraine?


Absolutely, these radars are inherently the next generation of radar population, which have been added to arsenal of Ukraine nowadays and as you know, Armed Forces of Ukraine is our most important customer and initiator of the latest undisputed technologies.

(Defence UA)

Russian Helicopters to Repair Four Myanmarese Mi-24Ps

$
0
0
09 Juni 2016


Myanmar Mi-35P helicopter (photo : Mizikaev)

Russian Helicopters, part of state corporation Rostec, has signed a contract for the repair of four of the Myanmar Air Force's (Tatmadaw Lay's) Mi-24P/35P ('Hind') attack helicopters.

One of the helicopters is set to be repaired in the Russian city of Saint Petersburg, while the three other repairs will be carried out in Myanmar by specialists from the holding company, said Rostec, adding that a further agreement may be reached once the job is successfully completed. 

Russia told the United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs it exported four attack helicopters to Myanmar in 2010 and another four in 2011.

(Jane's)

Negotiation Enters the Final Stage

$
0
0
09 Juni 2016

Su-35 fighter (photo : bedretdinov)

Indonesia to Buy 8 Russian Su-35 Fighter Jets, Talks Near Completion

MOSCOW (Sputnik) — The main part of the negotiations is complete and talks have now entered their final stage, with the sides discussing the matter of transferring technology from Russia to the Indonesia, Supriyadi told RIA Novosti.

The Indonesian side will buy eight fighter jets in what will become the first stage of cooperation in the given area, he added.

All of Indonesia's military pronouncements are supplemented by the transfer of technology in accordance with the country's laws, the ambassador explained, noting that the Russian side has not voiced disagreement and only formalities remain before the deal is closed.

(SputnikNews)

Pindad Luncurkan Empat Senjata Baru

$
0
0
10 Juni 2016

Empat senjata baru lansiran Pindad (all photos : ijallubis) 

JAKARTA, KOMPAS.com - PT Pindad (Persero) meluncurkan empat senjata baru diantaranya Senapan Serbu SS3, Senapan Serbu SS2 subsonic 5,66 mili meter (mm), sub machine gun PM3 dan pistol G2 Premium.

Keempat senjata yang diproduksi BUMN Alutsista ini diciptakan untuk mendukung fungsi pasukan yang berbeda-beda dengan kualitas akurasi yang maksimal.


"Keempat senjata tersebut merupakan hasil pengembangan produk Pindad," ujar Direktur Utama Pindad, Silmy Karim, di Kementerian Pertahanan, Jakarta, Kamis (9/6/2016).

Silmy menyebutkan, senapan serbu SS3 adalah pengembangan dari senapan serbu Pindad yang sebelumnya yaitu SS2.

SS3 menggunakan munisi kaliber 7,62 mm dan didesain sebagai designated marksman rifle dalam pasukan yang membutuhkan akurasi tinggi.


Sedangkan senapan serbu SS2 subsonic didesain khusus dengan peredam dan munisi subsonic 5,56 mm sehingga cocok untuk operasi khusus yang membutuhkan kemampuan pergerakan senyap.

Sub machine gun PM3 didesain dengan sistem penembakan gas operated dengan amunisi 9 mm. PM3 lahir dari kebutuhan untuk mendukung operasi tempur jarak dekat, pembebasan sandera atau perang kota.

Sementara itu, pistol G2 Premium lahir dari pengembangan desain dan frame pistol yang merupakan implementasi dari masukan para pengguna untuk meningkatkan kemampuannya.


Pistol G2 premium menggunakan munisi dengan kaliber 9 mm dengan jarak tembak efektif 25 meter yang ditujukan untuk para atlet menembak di kalangan militer dan sipil.

"Dengan diluncurkannya keempat senjata tersebut diharapkan dapat membangun kepercayaan untuk terus menggunakan produk dalam negeri," pungkas Silmy.

(Kompas)

Vietnam Develops Anti Ship Missile

$
0
0
10 Juni 2016

KCT-15 anti-ship missile (photos : Kienthuc)

Vietnam paddles its own Kayak

Vietnam has become the second Asia-Pacific nation, it would appear, to embark on the indigenous production of a missile based on the Russian Zvezda-Strela 3M24 Uran (SS-N-25 Switchblade). The first is North Korea, which has previously shown footage of a missile that closely resembles the Russian medium-range anti-ship weapon.

Unlike Pyongyang, however, Hanoi has been at least slightly more forthcoming as to the nature of its own programme. The Vietnamese variant of the missile is designated the KCT 15 and is the result of technology transfer from Russia. Whether this represents a full production capacity, or licensed final assembly, or something in between, has yet to become clear. Vietnam and Russia began to discuss local ‘manufacture’ of the 3M24 in 2011–12. Zvezda-Strela, the design house behind the 3M24, is part of Russia’s Tactical Missiles Corp.


The initial acquisition of the 3M24 from Russia was aimed at improving the anti-surface warfare capacity of the Vietnam People’s Navy. Regional maritime tensions are propelling naval weapons-programme acquisitions. Vietnamese manufacture of its version of the 3M24 will help develop local industry and likely simplify logistics support. The unit cost of a round will probably be reduced.


How North Korea acquired the technology to support its programme, possibly known as the KN-01, has yet to be ascertained.

The KCT 15 was first shown publicly in late 2015 as part of a display of defence technology that also included air defence surveillance radar. The missile was shown alongside a twin launcher for surface vessels. The Vietnamese navy already operates the 3M24, with the missile providing the main anti-ship armament of the Gepard-class frigate. The navy operates two of this class at present with a further two under construction. The Switchblade is also the main armament of the navy’s six Tarantul V fast missile boats, as well as its single BPS-500 corvette.

The active radar-guided 3M24 is in service with a number of nations apart from Russia, including India and Algeria. An air-launched variant, the Kh-35 (AS-20 Kayak) has also been integrated on helicopters and on fixed-wing aircraft for the maritime strike role. Work on the basic 3M24 began in the early 1980s and it had a maximum range of 130km, but some local press reports suggest the KCT 15 has around double this range.


There has also been a suggestion in the media that the licence agreement with Russia covers three versions of the missile. These could conceivably cover the air-launched Kh-35 and also the coastal defence variant, the 3K60 Bal, known in the West as the SSC-6 Sennight.

The KCT 15 that was put on display differed from the basic 3M24 in that there was no inlet duct between the mid-body wing for the turbofan engine. An upgraded air-launched variant, known as the Kh-35U, has a revised layout for the engine, which is repositioned in an enlarged rear-fuselage section. This provides for greater fuel capacity and extends the missile’s maximum range. The KCT 15 shown, however, did not correspond to this configuration. A further option is that the design has a flush intake, although this was not visible on the missile displayed.

(IISS)

Defence White Paper Signals $20b Investment Plan

$
0
0
10 Juni 2016


NZ Defence White Paper 2016 (image : NZDF)

Defence Minister Gerry Brownlee today launched the Defence White Paper 2016, outlining a 15-year modernisation plan worth nearly $20 billion to ensure the New Zealand Defence Force has the capabilities it needs to meet the country’s security and defence challenges.  

“These challenges include having awareness of, and being able to respond to, activities in New Zealand’s Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), supporting our interests in Antarctica and the Southern Ocean, and protecting Defence information networks against increasing cyber threats,” Mr Brownlee says.

“The White Paper outlines current plans to replace or enhance existing major capabilities such as the ANZAC frigates and strategic and tactical airlift capability, as well as investing in new capabilities.

“These include new cyber support capabilities to improve protection of Defence Force information networks, and ice strengthening for a third Offshore Patrol Vessel and a naval tanker as we look to better support our interests in the Southern Ocean and Antarctica.”

In addition to maintaining the Defence Force’s existing mix of capabilities, the Government will invest in:

-better supporting sea-to-shore operations with a littoral operations support vessel that can operate in medium security environments;

-enhanced air surveillance capability to better enable the Defence Force to undertake air surveillance operations at home and overseas;

-a cyber security support capability for the protection of Defence Force networks, platforms and people; and

-additional defence intelligence personnel to support military operations.

“The White Paper has been developed in close consultation with other government agencies, members of the Ministerial Advisory Panel and the public, and it is clear New Zealanders expect the Defence Force to have capabilities that are up to date, interoperable within our suite of assets and with our close partners, and able to respond to a range of contingencies,” Mr Brownlee says.

“The $20 billion investment over the next 15 years signalled in the White Paper provides the Defence Force with a degree of funding certainty that enables it to plan with confidence out to 2030 and beyond.

“What I am signalling today is the Government’s continued commitment to the defence and security of New Zealand through responsible and timely investment in our armed forces.”

(NZDF)

Test Flight Pesawat Tempur Sukhoi Ex Overhaul Berjalan Sukses

$
0
0
10 Juni 2016


Pesawat Su-30Mk2 TS-3006 (photo : kaskus militer)

Makassar, Laras Post - Mesin jet tempur Sukhoi SU-30 MK2 meraung-raung tepat di langit Lanud Sultan Hasanuddin, Selasa (7/6), burung besi canggih super sonic itu pun bergerak cepat melesat dengan berbagai manuver. Test flight satu unit pesawat tempur Sukhoi SU-30 MK2 tail number TS-3006 yang dilaksanakan selama sehari. Sukhoi TS-3006 yang sebelumnya menjalani perawatan tingkat berat di Belarusia dan tiba di Lanud Sultan Hasanuddin pada 26 Mei lalu, kemudian menjalani perakitan di Skadron Teknik 044 oleh tim teknisi langsung dari Rusia bekerjasama dengan para teknisi dari Skadron Teknik 044 Lanud Sultan Hasanuddin berjalan lancar dan tepat waktu sesuai rencana.

Pesawat tempur Sukhoi SU-30 MK2 made-in Komsomolsk-na Amure Aircraft Production Association, Rusia itu, sengaja melakukan test flight guna meyakinkan seluruh fungsi teknis berjalan dengan normal, pasca perakitan kurang lebih dua Minggu, selanjutnya melaksanakan test flight, dimulai dengan pelaksanaan briefing penerbangan yang dihadiri Komandan Lanud Sultan Hasanuddin Marsma TNI Nanang Santoso beserta Staf, 2 pilot test flight dan crew pesawat dari Rusia masing-masing Danis dan Pavel, para penerbang tempur Skadron Udara 11, serta petugas PLLU dan Meteorologi Lanud Sultan Hasanuddin.

Test Flight pesawat tempur canggih super sonic itu, dilakukan 2 shorty, pertama dipiloti penerbang Rusia Danis dan Pavel, kemudian pada shorty kedua dipiloti langsung Komandan Skadron Udara 11 dan Komandan Wing 5. Test flight Sukhoi TS-3006 kurang lebih selama 1 jam, dilaksanakan tepat di atas ruang udara Lanud Sultan Hasanuddin dan sekitarnya, dengan melaksanakan beberapa manuver di udara tersebut disaksikan langsung para Kepala Dinas serta Pejabat Staf Lanud Sultan Hasanuddin, tak lupa gemuruh tepuk tangan mengiringi test flight Sukhoi yang berjalan lancar dan sukses.

(LarasPost)

GRSE Close to Sealing Deal with Philippines on Warship Export

$
0
0
10 Juni 2016


GRSE frigate (photo : pdff)

Inching closer towards finalising a deal with the Philippines Navy, defence PSU Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers (GRSE) has emerged as the lowest bidder for exporting two frigates to the Southeast Asian island country. 

"We are the lowest price bidder for the order. Now the government is evaluating other aspects before placing the order. We are hopeful of a positive outcome but things are not final yet," Commodore Ratnakar Ghosh, Director (shipbuilding), GRSE, told PTI. 

Few days ago, a team from the Philippines Navy visited the facilities of the Kolkata-based shipyard and expressed satisfaction at the infrastructure. 

"If you look at the infrastructure nobody is better than us. We have been in negotiations with them for the last two years and now they are examining other bidders also," company chairman and managing director Rear Admiral (Retd) A K Verma said. 

If GRSE bags the order, it will be India's second export order for delivering a warship and a boost to Prime Minister Narendra Modi's 'Make in India' campaign. 

The shipyard already has the distinction of exporting India's first warship, an offshore patrol vessel, to Mauritius in December 2014. 

Buoyed by the success, GRSE had participated in the bidding process for building two frigates for the Philippines. 

As per the specifications laid down by the Philippines government, they want two light frigates of 109 meter length which can run at a speed of 25 knots. 

Officials said these are for general purpose use in protecting their maritime boundaries. 

GRSE already has the required expertise for making frigates as the Kolkata shipyard has bagged the order of making three advanced stealth frigates from the Indian Navy. 

"In between we have the capacity to build these frigates for them," Verma said. 

GRSE has also built INS Kamorta, first in its class of four anti-submarine warfare corvettes, which is the first warship ever built in the country with almost 90 per cent of indigenous content. 

Ghosh said they are in touch with other nations like Vietnam and Bangladesh for building warships.

(Business Standard)

Korps Marinir Mendapatkan 8 RM-70 Vampir MLRS

$
0
0
10 Juni 2016


Inilah RM Multi Launch Rocket System (MLRS) Kaliber 122 MM Vampire, kendaraan tempur peluncur roket terbaru yang dimiliki Korps Marinir. Ada delapan unit kendaraan tempur RM Multi Launch Rocket System Kal.122 MM Vampire sebagai bagian pembangunan kekuatan Korps Marinir guna memenuhi standar kekuatan pokok minimum. Pelatihan penggunaan alutsista ini dilakukan di lapangan apel Yonroket-1 Mar Kesatrian Sutedi Senaputra Karangpilang, Surabaya, Jumat (10/6). (photo : RMOL)

Korps Marinir Adakan Pelatihan RM Multi Launch Rocket System Kal.122 mm Vampire

Komandan Korps Marinir Mayor Jenderal TNI (Mar) Buyung Lalana, S.E, yang diwakili Komandan Pasmar-1 Brigadir Jenderal TNI (Mar) Lukman, S.T., M.Si (Han), membuka pelatihan RM Multi Launch Rocket System (MLRS) Kal.122 MM Vampire, di lapangan apel Yonroket-1 Mar Kesatrian Sutedi Senaputra Karangpilang, Surabaya. Jumat (10/06/2016).

Kegiatan yang dihadiri Dankodikmar Kolonel Marinir I Made Santoso, Wadan Pasmar-1 Kolonel Marinir Siswoto, Aslog Dankormar Kolonel Marinir Suherlan, para Asisten Danpasmar-1, Danpusdik Artileri Kolonel Marinir F. Simanjorang, Dankolak/Satlak Pasmar-1 serta dihadiri oleh Tim Instruktur dari Excalibur Army.

MLRS RM 70 Vampir (photo : Excaliburarmy)

Dalam amanatnya Dankormar yang dibacakan Danpasmar-1, menyampaikan dengan kehadiran 8 unit kendaraan tempur RM Multi Launch Rocket System Kal.122 MM Vampire yang baru di jajaran Korps Marinir, merupakan realisasi upaya dalam pembangunan kekuatan Korps Marinir guna memenuhi standar kekuatan pokok minimun.

Modernisasi Alutsista menjadi keharusan dan tuntutan sehingga akan lebih efektif dalam pencapaian tugas pokok dan fungsi TNI dalam menghadapi segala ancaman, dengan kekuatan yang tangguh dan modern maka Korps Marinir akan mampu memberikan daya tangkal yang tinggi serta berkontribusi dalam upaya mendukung kebijakan pemerintah mewujudkan Indonesia sebagai “Poros Maritim Dunia”.


“Sehubungan dengan kedatangan Alutsista baru tersebut, maka Korps Marinir menyiapkan calon pengawaknya sebelum proses penggunaan, pelatihan calon awak RM Multi Launch Rocket System Kal.122 MM Vampire dilaksanakan untuk memberikan pengetahuan tentang teknis pengoperasian dan perangkat pendukungnya sesuai dengan tugas dan jabatan masing-masing, dengan harapan para peserta pelatihan dapat mengetahui karakteristik seluruh komponen material RM Multi Launch Rocket System Kal.122 MM Vampire sehingga nantinya mampu merawat dan memeliharanya untuk kesiap siagaan operasi dalam menghadapi setiap tantangan tugas.” tegasnya.


Sementara itu, Danmenart-1 Mar Letkol Marinir Ainur Rofiq sebagai Ketua pelaksana pelatihan RM Multi Launch Rocket System Kal.122 MM Vampire menyampaikan waktu pelatihan akan dilaksanakan dari tanggal 12 Juni 2016 sampai dengan 30 Juli 2016, di Karangpilang Surabaya dan Karang Tekok Asembagus, dengan materi yang disiapkan yaitu Kelas Pimpinan Penembakan, Kelas Awak Pucuk, Kelas Peninjau Depan, Kelas Komunikasi dan Kelas Montir.

“Selain 8 unit kendaraan tempur RM Multi Launch Rocket System Kal.122 MM Vampire dalam pelatihan ini, juga dilibatkan kendaraan tempur pendukung lainnya yang baru yaitu Battalion Combat Vihicle 1 unit, Ammunition Vehicle 2 unit, Recovery Vehicle 1 unit dan Fuel Tank Vehicle 1 Unit.” ujarnya.

(Marinir)

BRP Gregorio Velasquez Research Ship Arrives in Philippines

$
0
0
11 Juni 2016

BRP Gregorio Velasquez (AGR-702) (photos : abs-cbn, timawa)

BRP Gregorio Velasquez to boost PN hydrographic and oceanographic survey capability

MANILA (PNA) -- With the BRP Gregorio Velasquez (AGR-702) now in Philippine Navy (PN) inventory, the country will now have the capability for hydrographic and oceanographic survey.

"The ship will provide the PN the capability for hydrographic and oceanographic survey and will also become a platform for inter-agency collaboration partners from the academe and thus improve awareness of our sub-surface environment," Capt. Lued Lincuna, PN spokesperson, told the Philippines News Agency on Friday.

Lincuna said the ship can also perform search-and-retrieval operations and support to humanitarian assistance and disaster relief operations.

BRP Gregorio Velasquez left Guam on June 2 and arrived at Manila Bay by 11 a.m. last June 8.

The ship left San Diego, California last April 27 after being formally transferred to the PN. She arrived in Guam on May 28.

The BRP Gregorio Velasquez is commanded by Cmdr. Edwin Nera.

Aside from helping map the country's vast maritime domains, the BRP Gregorio Velasquez (formerly the US research vessel Melville) will also help develop the PN's anti-submarine warfare (ASW) capability.

"Aside from its primary mission, AGR-702 would also be a valuable platform in reviewing our anti-submarine warfare capability," he said.



Lincuna did not give specifics on this but the PN is in the process of developing its ASW capability after signing a contract to acquire two AW-159 "Wildcat" anti-submarine helicopters with AgustaWestland last March. The contract is worth Php5.360 billion.

These helicopters are expected to be deployed among the PN's large ships which include the two Gregorio Del Pilar-class frigates and incoming two strategic sealift vessels, of which one is expected to be delivered this month, and the BRP Gregorio Velasquez.

Lincuna said the acquisition of the latter ship also aims to address the issues in terms of marine scientific researches/surveys and to gather marine scientific data beneficial to naval operations.

"Also, said vessel will enhance capacity and build capability to support the environmental protection efforts and exploration of the country for economic purpose," he added.

The ship is the country's first oceanographic research vessel.

The BRP Gregorio Velasquez is being manned by a crew of 50 Filipino officers and enlisted personnel who have undergone familiarization and orientation training on various systems of the ship since last March.

"Said vessel is one of the two ships pledged by the President of the United States of America, Barack H. Obama, to be donated to the Philippines during his visit as part of the APEC Leaders Summit last November 2015," Lincuna stressed.

Per policy, auxiliary research vessels are to be named after national scientists, hence her namesake, Dr. Gregorio Velasquez, a pioneer in Philippine physiology.

Dr. Velasquez was elected as academician in 1978 and conferred the honor as National Scientist in 1982.

He was conferred with a Distinguished Science Medal and Diploma of Honor from the Republic of the Philippines (1956), the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation Fellowship (1956-57), Man of Science, Division of Biological Sciences (1969), World's Who's Who in Sciences (1970) and the Republic of the Philippines Cultural Heritage award (1972). 

(PNA)

RMAF Took Delivery of Third A400M

$
0
0
11 Juni 2016


A400M of the RMAF (photo : flee)

SHAH ALAM: RMAF took official delivery of its third A400M airlifter at the Airbus Defence and Space facility in Seville, Spain, today (June 9, 2016)

The aircraft – M54-03 – was accepted by Defence Ministry Secretary-General Datuk Seri Abdul Rahim Radzi. It is yet to be determined when the A400M will fly to Subang airbase, the home of 22nd Skn. But based on previous two A400Ms, it is likely that the aircraft will make it home by July.

The 03 was supposed to be delivered in April but was delayed after engine and air-frame problems were in discovered in German and French A400ms.

RMAF had never officially confirmed whether its A400Ms were also affected by the problems but the first aircraft was seen in its hangar in early March with its engine panels opened.

The 22nd Skn currently operates two A400Ms, the first arrived in March, 2015 while the second in late December. The fourth and final aircraft is expected to be delivered by year end.

It is expected with the fourth A400M delivered, 22 Skn will ramped up its operational use of the air-lifters. Although the squadron had conducted test loading of Army vehicles, mostly 4X4s trucks, it had yet to conduct flights carrying them.

Currently, the two A400Ms of the 22 Skn mostly carry personnel and their belongings. The longest known trip so far is to Korat airbase in Thailand, in support of the Air-Thamal 2016, the annual exercise between RMAF and the Thai Air Force.

(Malaysian Defence)

Damen Introduces New Range of Multi-Role Auxiliary Vessels

$
0
0
10 Juni 2016


Damen Multi-Role Auxiliary Vessels (MRAV). One platform – multiple tasks (all images : Damen)

Dutch shipbuilder Damen has introduced a new range of Multi-Role Auxiliary Vessels (MRAV) during the Oceanographic Survey Vessel Conference taking place in London June 7-9.

The series of vessels provides a basic platform offering multi-role potential and hydrographic survey capabilities to naval clients.

With the addition of supplementary modular mission equipment, the new vessels can be mobilised in numerous, mainly littoral, naval tasks such as: explosive ordnance clearance and disposal, diving operations, torpedo recovery and overhaul, ROV and UAV deployment, SAR, coastal infantry and submarine support, Damen said.

According to the company, the largest version of the range will be able to operate worldwide, on the ocean as well as in littoral waters. This ship has additional capabilities such as disaster and humanitarian relief, oceanography and naval training support.



“The idea behind these vessels is to create a basic platform that can assist in a variety of tasks through the selection of the required mission configuration, e.g. coastal transport, submarine support or coastal infantry operations. The stimulus to switch from the traditional one-to-one replacement is to lower the total cost of ownership without losing capability and capacity,” Damen Shipyards Gorinchem’s Principal Naval Advisor Jan van der Burg explained.

The new range of vessels consists of three different designs: the MRAV 660, MRAV 1600 and MRAV 3600. Designed for different geographic profiles, these vessels are respectively 43, 62 and 85 metres long.

Damen notes that, with a draught of 1.9 metres, the MRAV 660 is suited for very shallow coastal, riverine and inland water operations.

The MRAV 1600 is designed for littoral and regional offshore operations. Its larger size allows for greater endurance and carrying capacity of both crew, mission modules and cargo. The vessel will be manned by a core crew of 13, with capacity for an additional 30 mission specialists. The main deck can hold six standard 20-foot mission containers and the below-deck cargo hold can store two 20-foot containers and palletised cargo.

The largest vessel in the range, MRAV 3600, is intended for worldwide service. Capable of hydrographic operations both in littoral and deeper waters, this vessel also has a helideck and substantial storage capacity for other mission configurations, equipment and cargo. Furthermore, the MRAV 3600 can serve as a base for more extensive operations such as disaster and humanitarian relief. There is accommodation for 14 core and 45 additional mission crew and enough space on board to provide emergency hospital services for 50 to 60 people.

(Naval Today)

Mengintip “Mata” Baru JAS39 Gripen NG

$
0
0
11 Juni 2016


IRST Selex Skyward-G dan radar AESA Selex Raven ES-05 (photo : dunkbear)

Linkoping, Swedia (ANTARA News) - Saat menginjakkan kaki ke dalam hanggar di mana JAS39 Gripen E nomor seri 39-7 berada di samping JAS39 Gripen C, di Linkoping, Swedia, hal yang ada di depan mata langsung bisa mengarahkan pada bagian “hidung” pesawat tempur terkini produksi Saab, Swedia itu. 

Ada yang berbeda di “hidung” yang sebetulnya “tudung” alias radome radar pesawat jet tempur itu. 

“Itu adalah instrumen yang telah kami ‘tanam’-kan pada Gripen E dan F, infra red search and track sebagai penjejak target berbasis elektro optik yang memungkinkan dia meningkatkan kewaspadaan situasionalnya saat bertempur di udara,” kata Kepala Wing Penerbang Saab, Hans Einerth, di hanggar JAS39 Gripen di Linkoping, beberapa waktu lalu. 

Instrumen baru itu bentuknya seperti bola kaca yang cukup mencolok mata, terletak di sisi kanan luar kaca depan kokpit JAS39 Gripen E.


Saab meluncurkan JAS39 Gripen NG yang sebetulnya nama lain dari JAS39 Gripen E/F, namun untuk keperluan domestik Brazil sebagai pengguna terbaru pesawat tempur multiguna-multimisi ini. Tidak tanggung-tanggung, Brasil membeli 36 unit JAS39 Gripen NG lengkap dengan skema transfer teknologinya. 

Pertama kali IRST ini diujicobakan pada JAS39 Gripen E nomor seri 39-7 adalah pada awal April 2014 yang terus-menerus disempurnakan sistemnya. Adapun pabrikan yang dipilih adalah sistem Skyward-G buatan pabrikannya di Nebbiano, Italia, dan dari Selex, yang sama-sama berbasis sistem Passive Infra Red Airborne Track Equipment alias PIRATE, suatu sistem buatan Eurofirst (konsorsium Sales EX, Thales Optronics, dan Tecnobit), yang juga dipakai di Eurofighter Typhoon.

Beda platform alias basis fuselage pesawat terbang yang sangat jelas (Gripen mesin tunggal dan lebih “kecil” ketimbang Typhoon bermesin ganda dan lebih “besar”) bukan halangan untuk menerapkan sistem penjejakan dan kewaspadaan situasional ini. Skyward-G dan Selex sebagai pemasok IRST ini akan bahu-membahu dengan radar aktif AESA (Actively Electronics Scanned Array) Raven ES-05 aktif buatan Selex yang dipasang hingga tiga unit.


“Inilah jawaban kami atas target dengan jejak radar minim sehingga kami bisa mendeteksi mereka,” kata Wakil CEO Saab Group, Lennart Sindahl, dalam penjelasannya secara terpisah kemudian. JAS39 Gripen sejak masih di seri A hingga NG alias E/F memang tidak menganut trend stealth yang kondang dengan bentuk persegi diamond cut-nya. 

Radar AESA Raven ES-05 aktif-nya memang memungkinkan JAS39 Gripen NG menyapu ruang pada sudut 100 derajad ke depan di sekeliling “hidung”-nya. Jika mengandalkan radar berpola kerja forward looking infra red, pilot bisa saja menerapkan taktik mematikan radar untuk mengelabuhi lawan, tetapi pilot bisa lebih mantap dengan misinya setelah menghidupkan sistem PIRATE itu. 

Prinsip kerjanya sebetulnya sederhana saja, yaitu menyapu ruang seluas 100 derajad di depan dalam bentuk konus, mencari dan melacak target dan emisi sinar infra merahnya (yang satu “paket” dengan jejak thermal pancaran gas buang target, apakah itu mesin jet ataupun roket).


IRST, AESA and IFF on Gripen E (photo : Vianney Riller Jr)

Data “temuan” inilah yang secara simultan dikomunikasikan oleh subsistem aspek nonkritis penerbangan di dalam JAS39 Gripen NG, melalui radar AESA Raven ES-05 aktif. 

Bekerja pada pancaran dual band infra merah, yaitu 3-5 dan 8-11 mikrometer, maka kalkulasi penjejakan dan penentuan target dilakukan secara pasif dan bisa diterapkan pada target di darat, laut, ataupun udara. 

Sebagai sistem pasif, IRST tidak memberi kisaran jarak ke target namun memberi data percepatan kinetik yang dihasilkan dari manuver serta perubahan sudut azimuth antara target dan pesawat tempur JAS39 Gripen NG. Jika ini dioperasikan secara simultan pada dua atau lebih JAS39 Gripen NG maka mereka bisa menentukan sudut triangulasi target melalui datalink TAU.

 Bisa dibilang, paduan sistem PIRATE dari Skyward-G dan Selex serta AESA Selex Raven ES-05 itu bisa juga dipakai untuk operasi SAR maritim, jika diperlukan dan diinginkan. 



Laiknya teknologi masa kini maka data hasil bacaan kedua sistem itu (PIRATE dari Skyward-G dan Selex serta AESA Selex Raven ES-05) bisa diubah menjadi tampilan grafis dan dilihat pilot di visor helm khususnya. 

“Prinsipnya adalah tampilkan hanya hal-hal yang Anda perlukan. Kenapa begitu? Karena data yang bisa disajikan sangat amat banyak dan Anda harus memilih data yang sesuai dengan misi Anda. Abaikan yang tidak perlu, serahkan pada sistem komputasi di pesawat tempur. Dia akan melakukannya untuk Anda,” kata Kepala Pilot Uji Saab, Richard Ljungberg. 

Dia katakan itu sesaat sebelum JAS39 Gripen NG diluncurkan di hanggar produksi yang diubah menjadi arena peluncuran laksana panggung opera yang kaya akan tata lampu dan tata suara megah. 

“Cukup aktifkan mode helmet mounted sight dan Anda akan mendapatkan data itu,” katanya. IRST sistem PIRATE dari Skyward-G dan Selex mampu melacak dan menjejaki 200 sasaran berbeda secara simultan secara mode tunggal atau mode jamak (multiple).



Jika sasaran sudah dikenali dan akan dikunci, maka arahkan sapuan IRST Skyward-G dan Selex dan AESA Selex Raven ES-05 itu ke sana, maka kinerjanya akan lebih sehingga akurasi akan semakin meningkat tajam. 

Kegunaan data dari sistem PIRATE Skyward-G dan Selex pada sistem IRST dan AESA Selex Raven ES-05 juga sangat dirasakan dalam praktik dogfight ketat. 

Selain kemampuan tempur dan mengemudikan pesawat tempur, pilot dapat memenangi pertempuran jarak dekat ini dengan bantuan teknologi. Di sinilah penting peran kanon 27 milimeter Mauser BK-27 —kanon standar JAS39 Gripen series— yang dipasang di sisi kiri bawah “hidung” JAS39 Gripen NG. 

Kedua sistem ini (sistem avionik IRST dan AESA plus Mauser BK-27) saling berkomunikasi dan memudahkan pilot untuk membidik dan “mengunci” sasaran yang akan ditembak dengan amunisi seukuran 27 x 145 milimeter berbasis sistem pemantik pyrotechnic high explosive dengan kecepatan 1.100 meter perdetik. 

(Antara)

Php 18,4 Mio for N-22B Nomad Maintenance

$
0
0
10 Juni 2016


GAF N-22B Nomad patrol and transport plane (photo : PAF)

PAF to purchase 'Nomad' propulsion system spare parts

MANILA (PNA) -- In line with efforts to ensure the overhaul requirements of all its available aircraft are met on time, the Philippine Air Force (PAF) is allocating the sum of PHP18,412,375 for the acquisition of spare parts needed for the maintenance of the propulsion system of one of its GAF N-22B "Nomad" patrol and transport plane.

Pre-bid conference is on June 15, 9:00 a.m. at the PAF Procurement Center Conference Room, Villamor Air Base, Pasay City.

While submission and opening of bids is on July 7, 9:00 a.m. at the same venue, said PAF bids and awards chair Brig. Gen. Nicolas Parilla.

The "Nomad" is a twin-engined turboprop, high-wing, short takeoff and landing aircraft.

It was designed and built by the Australian Government Aircraft Factories (GAF) at Fishermens Bend, Melbourne.

Major users of the design have included the Royal Flying Doctor Service of Australia, the Australian Army and the Australian Customs Service.

The "Nomad" is to be reengineered and put back into production as the GippsAero GA18.

The PAF has an estimated 20 units of the aircraft in its inventory. 

(PNA)

Untuk Kepentingan Pertahanan, Runway Bandara di Pekanbaru Perlu Ditambah

$
0
0
13 Juni 2016


Pesawat F-16C/D di Skuadron Udara 16 Pekanbaru (photo : roesminnurjadin)

Riau Book - Untuk kepentingan pertahanan, panjang runway Bandara Sultan Syarif Kasim (SSK) II/Lanud Rusmin Nurjadin perlu ditambah.

Ini dikatakan Gubernur Riau Arsyadjuliandi Rachman saat ditemui dikantornya, Jumat (10/06/2016) terkait pertemuannya dengan Menteri Perhubungan Ignatius Jonan beberapa hari yang lalu.

"Sekarang kan ada 2 skuadron di Lanud Rusmin Nurjadin, dengan jumlah ini, untuk pesawat naik turun dibutuhkan runway sepanjang 3000 meter," kata Arsyadjuliandi Rachman.

Sekarang ini, lanjut Arsyadjuliandi Rachman, pendaratan pesawat tempur ini masih membutuhkan bantuan alat tambahan pendaratan, diharapkan dengan panjang runway 3000 meter, tidak diperlukan lagi alat tambahan ini.

Saat ini panjang runway Bandara SSK II sepanjang 2240 meter yang sudah difungsikan, sementara penambahan runway sepanjang 2600 meter sudah selesai, namun belum bisa difungsikan karna lampu dan beberapa alat yang lain belum dipindahkan dan dipasang.

(RiauBook)
Viewing all 14841 articles
Browse latest View live


<script src="https://jsc.adskeeper.com/r/s/rssing.com.1596347.js" async> </script>